Plantilla:Transliteration

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Aquesta plantilla s'utilitza per marcar el text transliterat o romanitzat d'una escriptura d'alfabet no llatí a una escriptura d'alfabet llatí.

Aquesta plantilla només s'ha d'utilitzar per a les transliteracions d'escriptures no llatines; per al text en llengua no catalana que es mostra en la seva escriptura nativa (com ara el grec, el ciríl·lic i l'àrab), s'ha d'utilitzar {{lang}}, que etiqueta el text no transliterat (escrit en escriptura original). La transliteració s'utilitza sovint al costat d'aquesta plantilla, per permetre que els no lectors del script interpretin el text.

Aquesta plantilla afegeix una etiqueta tooltip que anomena l'esquema de transliteració i representa el text en cursiva per defecte. Aquesta plantilla és important per a Ajuda:Accessibilitat, ja que etiqueta el text de manera invisible amb l'idioma correcte, la qual cosa permet als lectors de pantalla utilitzar l'estil de pronunciació correcte.

També mostra el text amb una font adequada; les romanitzacions marcades en {{lang}} poden mostrar-se en tipus de lletra dissenyats per al text natiu d'aquest idioma, mentre que la plantilla de traducció mostra el text amb el mateix tipus de lletra que la resta de l'article.

Some languages, such as Chinese, have more than one style of transliteration (such as Wade–Giles, pinyin, etc). This template can be used for these different transliteration schemes, though Wikipedia has a number of language-specific templates, some of which support more than one transliteration styles in their parameters, that may be better suited for marking up transliterations.

Exemple

The following code tags a Ukrainian name and its transliteration according to the Ukrainian National scheme.

Codi	Mostra
{{lang|uk|Ярослав Рудницький}} ({{transliteration|uk|ukrainian|Yaroslav Rudnytskyi}})	Ярослав Рудницький (Yaroslav Rudnytskyi)

Rationale

This template is intended to unify all "transliteration" templates, such as {{IAST}} and {{ISOtranslit}}. These templates are still usable, but they just transclude or are redirected back to {{transl}}. For example, (e.g. {{IAST|saṃskṛtam}} is a shortcut for {{transliteration|sa|IAST|saṃskṛtam}}. Other transliteration templates that once existed, such as {{ArabDIN}}, are now handled natively by this template: {{transliteration|ar|DIN|...}}).

This template is kept separate from {{lang}} to address formatting issues (via CSS classes) and identification of transliteration schemes used. Ultimately, if these concerns are smartly addressed in the CSS file and/or in {{lang}}, using {{transliteration|xx|...}} should be equivalent to using {{lang|xx-Latn|...}}.

Usage

There are two ways of using this template: with or without specifying the transliteration scheme used:

• two parameters, with ISO 639 language code: {{transliteration|ar|al-Khwarizmi}} means that "al-Khwarizmi" is a transliteration from the Arabic in a loose or unspecified scheme.
• two parameters, with ISO 15924 script code: {{transliteration|Ogam|MAQI}} means that "MAQI" transliterates an Ogham inscription without specifying the language. Potentially useful when writing systems themselves are under discussion, e.g. {{transliteration|Cyrl|š}}, not {{transliteration|cu|š}} or {{transliteration|ru|š}} when discussing the letter Ш.
• three parameters, with ISO 639 language code: {{transliteration|ar|DIN|al-Ḫawārizmī}} / {{transliteration|ar|ALA|al-Khawārizmī}} the second parameter specifies the scheme used (DIN vs. ALA).
• three parameters, with ISO 15924 script code: {{transliteration|Arab|DIN|Ḫ}} vs {{transliteration|Arab|ALA|Kh}} for ﺥ.

|italic=no can be added to suppress the default italicization of Latin scripts; however, proper nouns – the names of people and places – are typically not italicized, and as such, generally do not require the use of a transliteration template. Note that there is no need to add italic markup ('') to transliteration templates.

Note: the language code is ISO 639 or IETF private-use tag (see Template:Lang#Private-use language tags); other forms of IETF BCP 47 language tags are not supported.

Transliteration scheme codes

Codes for supported transliteration schemes can be seen by viewing the source of Module:Lang/data – the translit_title_table data-structure lists for each such code the corresponding transliteration schemes. These may vary by language – e.g. code "ISO" means scheme ISO 233 for Arabic but ISO 11940 for Thai.

Examples

Inputting:

• {{transliteration|ar|[[al-Khwarizmi]]}} / [[DIN 31635]]: {{transliteration|ar|DIN|al-Ḫawārizmī}} / [[ISO 233]]: {{transliteration|ar|ISO|al-H̱awārizmī}} / [[ALA-LC Romanization|ALA]]: {{transliteration|ar|ALA|al-Khawārizmī}}
• [[Royal Thai General System of Transcription|RTGS]]: {{transliteration|th|phasa thai}} / [[ISO 11940]]: {{transliteration|th|ISO|p̣hās̄ʹāthịy}}
• {{cuneiform|[[Sumerian language|𒅴𒂠]]}} {{transliteration|sux|EME.GIR<sub>15</sub>}} / {{cuneiform|6|[[Hittite language|𒉈𒅆𒇷]]}} {{transliteration|hit|ne-ši-li}}

Results in:

• al-Khwarizmi / DIN 31635: al-Ḫawārizmī / ISO 233: al-H̱awārizmī / ALA: al-Khawārizmī
• RTGS: phasa thai / ISO 11940: p̣hās̄ʹāthịy
• 𒅴𒂠 EME.GIR₁₅ / 𒉈𒅆𒇷 ne-ši-li

ISO:

• русский {{transliteration|ru|ISO|russkij}}: russkij
• Аҧсуа {{transliteration|ab|ISO|aṗsua}}: aṗsua
• عربي {{transliteration|ar|ISO|ʿarabī}}: ʿarabī

  ISO has huge issues transliterating alif, so it's better to use the Library of Congress transliteration, the German Institute for Standardization or Hans Wehr transliteration; see Arabic transliteration and MOS:APOSTROPHE

• தமிழ் {{transliteration|ta|ISO|tamiḻ}}: tamiḻ
• বাংলা {{transliteration|bn|ISO|baṅla}}: baṅla
• ελληνικά {{transliteration|el|ISO|ellēniká}}: ellēniká
• ქართული {{transliteration|ka|ISO|k'art'uli}}: k'art'uli
• 漢語拼音 {{transliteration|zh|ISO|hànyǔ pīnyīn}}: hànyǔ pīnyīn
• ภาษาไทย {{transliteration|th|ISO|p̣hās̄ʹāthịy}}: p̣hās̄ʹāthịy

CSS

In order to apply a style to all text marked as transliteration, use a CSS selector that chooses all text with transliteration in the title attribute (tooltip). For instance, if you add the following to your common.css, all transliterations will be colored teal:

[title~=transliteration] { color: teal; }

Tracking category

• Categoria:Transliteration template errors (0)

TemplateData

Marks a text span transliterated from a particular language or writing system, and, optionally, according to a specific transliteration system.

Paràmetres de la plantilla[Edita les dades de la plantilla]

Paràmetre		Descripció	Tipus	Estat
Language or script code	1	ISO 639 language code (e.g., uk) or ISO 15924 script code (e.g., Cyrl)	Línia	obligatori
Text or transliteration scheme	2	Latin-alphabet transliterated text, or, optionally, transliteration scheme (e.g., bgn/pcgn)	Cadena	obligatori
Text	3	Latin-alphabet transliterated text (required if a transliteration scheme is entered above)	Cadena	suggerit

Vegeu també

• {{lang}}, {{language}}
• {{script}}
• {{trans}}, {{translation}}
• Romanization
• List of ISO transliterations

Plantilla:ISO 15924 script codes and related Unicode data