Alosa de pedrer americana

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Alosa de pedrer americana
Dorosoma cepedianum GLERL.jpg
Il·lustració de l'any 1910
Il·lustració de l'any 1910
Classificació científica
Regne: Animalia
Fílum: Chordata
Classe: Osteichthyes
(Huxley, 1880)
Subclasse: Neopterygii
Infraclasse: Teleostei
Ordre: Clupeiformes
Família: Clupeidae
Gènere: Dorosoma
(Rafinesque, 1820)[1]
Espècie: D. cepedianum
Nom binomial
Dorosoma cepedianum
(Lesueur, 1818)[2]
Sinònims
  • Chatoessus insociabilis (Abbott, 1861)
  • Clupea heterura (Rafinesque, 1818)
  • Clupea heterurus (Rafinesque, 1818)
  • Dorosoma cepedianum exile (Jordan & Gilbert, 1883)
  • Dorosoma lacepedi (Berry, 1958)
  • Dorosoma notata (Rafinesque, 1820)
  • Megalops cepediana (Lesueur, 1818)[3]

L'alosa de pedrer americana (Dorosoma cepedianum) és una espècie de peix pertanyent a la família dels clupeids.[4]

Taula de continguts

Descripció [modifica]

  • Pot arribar a fer 57 cm de llargària màxima (normalment, en fa 35) i 1.980 g de pes.
  • 10-15 radis tous a l'aleta dorsal i 25-36 a l'anal.
  • Nombre de vèrtebres: 47-51.
  • Boca petita.[5][6][7]

Reproducció [modifica]

Té lloc a l'aigua dolça des de mitjan març fins a mitjan agost.[5][8][9]

Alimentació [modifica]

És herbívor.[5]

Depredadors [modifica]

És depredat per Stizostedion vitreum,[10] i, als Estats Units, per la perca americana (Micropterus salmoides), el lluç de riu (Esox lucius), el luci masquinongi (Esox masquinongy), el llobarro atlàntic ratllat (Morone saxatilis),[11] el tallahams (Pomatomus saltator), Cynoscion regalis i la lucioperca groga (Sander vitreus), i al Canadà per Amia calva.[12]

Hàbitat [modifica]

És un peix d'aigua dolça, salabrosa i marina; pelàgic-nerític; anàdrom[13] i de clima subtropical (45°N-24°N, 100°W-70°W) que viu fins als 33 m de fondària[14][5][15][16]

Distribució geogràfica [modifica]

Es troba al Canadà,[17][18] els Estats Units[19][20][21][22] i Mèxic (incloent-hi el llac Erie,[23] el sud dels llacs Huron i Michigan[24] i la conca del llac Ontàrio). Ha estat introduït a Puerto Rico.[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][7][39][40][41][42]

Longevitat [modifica]

Pot assolir els 10 anys d'edat.[43]

Ús comercial [modifica]

És emprat com a fertilitzant.[44]

Observacions [modifica]

És inofensiu per als humans.[5]

Referències [modifica]

  1. ↑ Rafinesque C. S., 1820. Ichthyologia Ohiensis (Part 4). Western Rev. Misc. Mag. v. 2 (núm. 3). 169-177.
  2. ↑ Lesueur, C. A., 1818. Description of several new species of North American fishes. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 1 (pt 2): 222-235; 359-368, Pls. 10, 11, 14.
  3. ↑ Catalogue of Life (anglès)
  4. ↑ The Taxonomicon (anglès)
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 FishBase (anglès)
  6. ↑ IGFA, 2001. Base de dades de registres de pesca IGFA fins al 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Estats Units.
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 Robins, C.R. i G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Estats Units. 354 p.
  8. ↑ Breder, C.M. i D.E. Rosen, 1966. Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, Nova Jersey, Estats Units. 941 p.
  9. ↑ Warner, E.N., 1940. Studies on the embryology and early life history of the gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum Lesueur. Ohio State University. 28 p.
  10. ↑ Knight, R.L. i B. Vondracek, 1993. Changes in prey fish populations in western lake Erie, 1969-1988, as related to walleye, Stizostedion vitreum, predation. Can. J. Fish. Aquat Sci. 50 : 1289-1298.
  11. ↑ Setler, E.M., W.R. Boynton, K.V. Wood, H.H. Zion, L. Lubbers, N.K. Mountford, P. Frere, L. Tucker i J.A. Mihursky, 1980. Synopsis of biological data on striped bass, Morone saxatilis (Walbaum). NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circular 433, FAO Synopsis Núm. 121.
  12. ↑ FishBase (anglès)
  13. ↑ Riede, K., 2004. Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Alemanya. 329 p.
  14. ↑ Cady, E.R., 1945. Fish distribution, Norris Reservoir, Tennessee, 1943. I.- Depth distribution of fish in Norris Reservoir. J. Tenn. Acad. Sci. 20(1):103-114.
  15. ↑ Eaton, J.G., J.H. McCormick, B.E. Goodno, D.G. O'Brien, H.G. Stefany, M. Hondzo i R.M. Scheller, 1995. A field information-based system for estimating fish temperature tolerances. Fisheries 20(4):10-18.
  16. ↑ Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.
  17. ↑ Scott, W.B. i E.J. Crossman, 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184:1-966.
  18. ↑ Coker, G.A., C.B. Portt i C.K. Minns, 2001. Morphological and ecological characteristics of Canadian freshwater fishes. Can. Manuscr. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. Núm. 2554. 89 p.
  19. ↑ Timmons, T.J., W.L. Shelton i W.D. Davies, 1981. Food of largemouth bass before and during the first three years after impoundment of west point reservoir, Alabama and Georgia. J. Tennessee Acad. Sci. 56(1):23-27.
  20. ↑ Swingle, W.E., 1965. Length-weight relationships of Alabama fishes. Auburn Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. Zool.-Ent. Ser. Fish. 3:87 p.
  21. ↑ Massman, W.H., 1953. Relative abundance of young fish in Virginia estuaries. Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf. 18:439-449.
  22. ↑ Lagler, K.F. i H. Van Meter, 1951. Abundance and growth of gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (LeSueur), in a small Illinois lake. J. Wildl. Manage. 15(4):357-360.
  23. ↑ Wolfert, D.R., 1966. Food of young-of the-year walleyes in Lake Erie. Fish. Bull. 65(2):489-494.
  24. ↑ Tin, H.T., 1982. Family Clupeidae, herrings. P. 64-73. A: N.A. Auer (ed.). Identification of larval fishes of the Great Lakes basin with emphasis on the Lake Michigan drainage. Great Lakes Fishery Commission, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Special Publ. 82-3, 744 p.
  25. ↑ FishBase (anglès)
  26. ↑ Bigelow, H.B., M.G. Bradbury, J.R. Dymond, J.R. Greeley, S.F. Hildebrand, G.W. Mead, R.R. Miller, L.R. Rivas, W.L. Schroeder, R.D. Suttkus i V.D. Vladykov, 1963. Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Part three. New Haven, Sears Found. Mar. Res., Yale Univ.
  27. ↑ Bodola, A., 1955. The life history of the gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (Lesueur), in western Lake Erie. Ohio State University. 130 p.
  28. ↑ Bodola, A., 1966. Life history of the gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (LeSueur), in western Lake Erie. Fish. Bull. 65(2):391-425.
  29. ↑ Brown, D.J. i T.G. Coon, 1994. Abundance and assemblage structure of fish larvae in the lower Missouri River and its tributaries. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 123(5):718-732.
  30. ↑ Conrow, R., A.V. Zale i R.W. Gregory, 1990. Distributions and abundances of early life stages of fishes in a Florida lake dominated by aquatic macrophytes. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 119(3):521-528.
  31. ↑ Etnier, D.A. i W.C. Starnes, 1993. The fishes of Tennessee. The University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, Tennessee, Estats Units.
  32. ↑ Hassan-Williams, C. i T.H. Bonner, 2007. Texas freshwater fishes. Texas State University- San Marcos: Biology Department/ Aquatic Station.
  33. ↑ Hildebrand, S.F. i W.C. Schroeder, 1928. Fishes of Chesapeake Bay. U.S. Bur. Fish. Bull. 43(pt. 1):366 p.
  34. ↑ Hugg, D.O., 1996. MAPFISH georeferenced mapping database. Freshwater and estuarine fishes of North America. Life Science Software. Dennis O. i Steven Hugg, 1278 Turkey Point Road, Edgewater, Maryland, Estats Units.
  35. ↑ Jester, D.B. i B.L. Jensen, 1972. Life history and ecology of the gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (Lesuer) wit reference to Elephant Butte Lake. N.M. State Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn. Res. Rept. 218. 56 p.
  36. ↑ Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea i J.D. Williams, 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland, Estats Units.
  37. ↑ Page, L.M. i B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Estats Units. 432 p.
  38. ↑ Renfro, W.C., 1960. Salinity reactions of some fishes in the Aransas River, Texas. Tulane Stud. Zool. 8(3):83-91.
  39. ↑ Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174.
  40. ↑ Scharpf, C., 2005. Annotated checklist of North America freshwater fishes, including subspecies and undescribed forms. American Currents 31(4):1-44.
  41. ↑ Turner, W.R., 1953. The age and growth of the gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (LeSueur), in Herrington Lake, Kentucky. Ky. Div. Fish. Bull. 13:14 p.
  42. ↑ Wilber, D.H., D.G. Clarke, M.H. Burlas, H. Ruben i R.J. Will, 2003. Spatial and temporal variability in surf zone fish assemblages on the coast of northern New Jersey. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 56(2):291-304.
  43. ↑ Altman, P.L. i D.S. Dittmer, 1962. Growth, including reproduction and morphological development. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.
  44. ↑ Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985.

Bibliografia [modifica]

  • Anònim, 2001. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution - Division of Fishes.
  • Anònim, 2002. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, Estats Units.
  • Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba i K.E. Carpenter, 1994. SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). Núm. 9. Roma, FAO. 103 p.
  • Fitzsimons, J.M. i A.J. Doucette, Jr., 1981. Karyology of the shads Dorosoma cepedianus and Dorosoma petenense (Osteichthyes: Clupeiformes). Copeia (4):908-911.
  • Hartman, K.J. i S.B. Brandt, 1995. Trophic resource partitioning, diets, and growth of sympatric estuarine predators. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 124(4):520-537.
  • Ida, H., N. Oka i K. Hayashigaki, 1991. Karyotypes and cellular DNA contents of three species of the subfamily Clupeinae. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 38(3):289-294.
  • Kotlyar, A.N., 1984. Dictionary of names of marine fishes on the six languages. All Union Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscou. 288 p.
  • McDowall, R.M., 1988. Diadromy in fishes: migrations between freshwater and marine environments. Croom Helm, Londres.
  • Miller, R.R., 1960. Systematics and biology of the gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) and related fishes. Fish. Bull. 60(173):371-392.
  • Miller, R.R., 1963. Genus Dorosoma Rafinesque 1820: gizzard shads, threadfin shad. P. 443-451. A: Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Sears. Found. Mar. Res., Mem 1(pt. 3).
  • Parker, F.R. Jr., 1973. Reduced metabolic rates in fishes as a result of induced schooling. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 102(1):125-131.
  • Pierce, R.J., T.E. Wissing i B.A. Megrey, 1981. Respiratory metabolism of gizzard shad. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 110(1):51-55.
  • Ricker, W.E., 1973. Russian-English dictionary for students of fisheries and aquatic biology. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa.
  • Tisa, M.S. i J.J. Ney, 1991. Compatibility of alewives and gizzard shad as reservoir forage fish. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 120(2):157-165.
  • Welker, M.T., C.L. Pierce i D.H. Wahl, 1994. Growth and survival of larval fishes: roles of competition and zooplankton abundance. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 123(5):703-717.
  • Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao i C.F. Lai (eds.), 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.

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